Alcanivorax borkumensis gen. nov., sp. Capillary chemotaxis assay. 8600 Rockville Pike Manilla-Prez E, Lange AB, Hetzler S, Steinbchel A. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ectoine is a very well known nitrogen-based organic osmolyte33 produced in response to an increased salinity33,34, and has been found in genera that include several piezophilic species such as Vibrio and Photobacterium35. Metabolism A. borkumensis can use n-alkanes, aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids and pyruvate as carbon and energy sources. 8(1), 1022 (2006). Genome sequence of the ubiquitous hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. volume6, Articlenumber:31316 (2016) As concerns respiration, mild HP shifted cytochrome c species from oxidases to reductases (Table 2) and downregulated the expression of cytochrome b. 2A) is a good indication of the effects of HP on the metabolic potential of A. borkumensis SK2. Genome expression was largely suppressed by exposure to 10MPa, confirming a general deleterious effect on SK2 metabolism and its piezosensitive nature. The cells were maintained in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks at 28C on a rotary shaker (200r.p.m.). Adaptation of the hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 to alkanes and toxic organic compounds: a physiological and transcriptomic approach. Data were analysed using the NanoAnalyze software package with Independent Model. nov., a novel hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacterium isolated from Antarctic coastal sea water. 67, 19701974 (2001). Somero, G. N. Adaptations to high hydrostatic pressure. 24(8), 9971004 (2006). Throne-Holst, M., Wentzel, A., Ellingsen, T. E., Kotlar, H.-K. & Zotchev, S. B. 2016 Dec 21;7:2056. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02056. & McKinney, J. D. Carbon metabolism of intracellular bacteria. CAS Rojo, F. Degradation of alkanes by bacteria. planned and managed the project; Z.S. None of the genes associated with -oxidation was upregulated (0/9, Table 1), contrary to what observed with fatty acids biosynthesis (4/7, Table 1). ADS 48(24), 1439214399 (2014). & Liu, S. J. Comamonas testosteroni uses a chemoreceptor for tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to trigger chemotactic responses towards aromatic compounds. Cufflinks takes the alignment results from TopHat to assemble the aligned sequences into transcripts, constructing a map of the transcriptome, based on a previously reported transcriptome annotation69. Membranes represent 10% of bacterial biomass47, and using this pathway would avoid synthesizing fatty acids de novo, thus representing an effective energy-saving strategy under stress conditions. Benito, A., Ventoura, G., Casadei, M., Robinson, T. & Mackey, B. Int. Transcriptional profiling of the marine oil-degrading bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis during growth on n-alkanes. J 94, 24822491 (2008). Alcanivorax borkumensis is a marine bacterium that uses exclusively petroleum oil hydrocarbons as sources of carbon and energy (and is therefore designated "hydrocarbonoclastic"). Lai, Q. et al. Naether, D. J. et al. 77(22), 79627974 (2011). ID ACCA_ALCBS Reviewed; 323 AA. Microbiol. Isolation and characterization of a novel biosurfactant produced by hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5. Ohwada, T. & Sagisaka, S. An immediate and steep increase in ATP concentration in response to reduced turgor pressure in Escherichia coli B. Arch Biochem Biophys. Incubate the tubes and plate at 30C for 48 . We review their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. As part of the supplied dodecane may be used to build up microbial biomass through some metabolic intermediates, Eq. Alcanivorax borkumensis is an alkane-degrading marine bacterium which naturally propagates and becomes predominant in crude-oil-containing seawater when nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are supplemented. After 30min of incubation at 30C, the contents of the capillaries were transferred to tubes containing ASM medium. Microbial biodegradation is the use of bioremediation and biotransformation methods to harness the naturally occurring ability of microbial xenobiotic metabolism to degrade, transform or accumulate environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons (e.g. Google Scholar. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. conceived the project, designed the experiments and co-wrote the paper. Based on Tukey post-hoc tests, 5% motor oil concentration was selected as the optimal substrate concentration. Summary: This Pathway/Genome Database (PGDB) was generated on 01-June-2020 from the annotated genome of Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2, as obtained from RefSeq (annotation date . Article Expression of almost all the genes involved in the formation of the ATP synthase complex was upregulated (8/9, Table 2), indicating that HP may have deeply affected such multimeric enzyme and energy production. When the cultures reached OD600=0.5, the cells were collected, washed with ASM, resuspended in ASM and starved for 35h at 28C. J. Bacteriol. The distribution of bacterial cells in the densitometric chamber was monitored at 25C at various time intervals using a densitometer (2222-010 Ultrascan XL, LKB Produkter AB). and JavaScript. nov., a novel marine bacterium that obligately utilizes hydrocarbons. The following PCR programme was utilized for these assays: 95C for 3min, followed by 30 cycles of 95C for 30s, 5052C for 45s and 72C for 2min, with a final extension at 72C for 5min. J Bacteriol. RNA concentration was determined using the NanoDrop 2000 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). It is found in low numbers in all oceans of the world and becomes abundant in oil-contaminated waters. The MCP protein was dialysed against buffer containing 5mM Tris, 5mM MES, 5mM PIPES, 5mM NaCl and 5mM imidazole, pH 8.0. Rsmpl is the 13C/12C ratio of the sample material, and Rstd is the 13C/12C ratio of an International Atomic Energy Authority standard (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite, for which the 13C/12C ratio has been defined as the official zero point of the carbon isotopic scale). Alcanivorax balearicus Rivas et al. Ecol. Alcanivorax borkumensis, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped chemoorganotroph, is able to use n-alkanes as its principle carbon and energy source by use of the broad spectrum of oil-degrading enzymes it possesses, but they can also use a limited number of organic compounds such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids, and pyruvate. These results are consistent with the response observed with other hydrocarbonoclastic piezosensitive bacteria subjected to 10MPa35, indicating that protein synthesis is highly impacted already under mild HP. Microorganisms are given optimum levels of nutrients and other. The experiments were repeated at least three times. 99 cytoplasmic and membrane-associated proteins of alkane-grown cells were 53, 779785 (2003). Microbiol. Soon after oil is spilled, microbial community structures on surface waters are largely modified2 and members of the genus Alcanivorax frequently dominate such bacterial blooms accounting for more than 80% of the total bacterial population3,4,5. Aminoacyl-tRNA binding to ribosomes determines a conformational change in the latter that leads to an increase in volume59. 4, 173182 (2006). Available at: http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/energy/coal-oil-gas/biggest-oil-spills-in-history. PMC CAS Microbiol. Genes involved in respiration were also highly impacted by HP. A. borkumensis has a streamlined genome with a paucity of mobile genetic elements and energy generation-related genes, but with a plethora of genes . Nature Rev Microbiol. USA 82, 87678770 (1985). Hazen, T. C. et al. Bookshelf App Env Microbiol. A., Soetaert, W. K. & Vandamme, E. J. Optimization of ectoine synthesis through fed-batch fermentation of Brevibacterium epidermis . State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen, 361005, China, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China, Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361005, China, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China, You can also search for this author in . The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Nat. Qiao, N. & Shao, Z. One unit was defined as the amount of enzyme required to hydroxylate 1mol of alkane per min. Nature Lett Nature 290, 235238 (1981). These pathways share several genes and metabolic intermediates and were both found to be active under HP (Table 2). A. Mol. Microbial remediation uses the metabolism functions of bacteria to remove xenobiotics and synthetic pollutant compounds present in higher concentrations than natural occurrence (usually due to human interference). Leeuwenhoek 84, 193200 (2003). alcanivorax borkumensis Add phonetic spelling Meanings for Alcanivorax borkumensis It is the scientific name of a bacteria that is popularly known as a marine bacterium and it is predominantly found in seawater. Natl Acad. de Carvalho, C., Wick, L. Y. The apparently counter-productive investment in the energy-intensive43 de novo ectoine synthesis under the stressing conditions of 10MPa (Figs 1C and 2D) may be considered as a good indication of SK2 limited capability to adapt to HP. Biochem. The wild-type B5 strain and the OTB5-1, OTB5-2 and OTB5-3 mutant strains were grown in 100ml of ASM liquid medium containing the appropriate antibiotics. Evol. 1B,C) as compared to A. dieselolei35 resulted into a larger and higher level of expression of genes belonging to these alternative respiration pathways and ATP generation (Table 2). Scientists are working . In the case of oil spills in the ocean, ongoing, natural bioremediation tends to . Appl Env Microbiol. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Scoma, A., Barbato, M., Borin, S. et al. To increase the growth rate of a population of A. borkumensis bacteria, phosphorus and nitrogen can be added to the environment. & Shao, Z. Gene diversity of CYP153A and AlkB alkane hydroxylases in oil-degrading bacteria isolated from the Atlantic Ocean. Such a prominent role in petroleum-affected environments is due to some critical features possessed by Alcanivorax, including the ability to efficiently use branched-chain alkanes6 and the capacity to enhance the bioavailability of hydrophobic compounds in water. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Matturro B, Frascadore E, Cappello S, Genovese M, Rossetti S. Mar Pollut Bull. Federal Interagency Solution group, Oil budget calculator (2010) Available at: www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2010/PDFs/OilBudgetCalc_Full_HQ-Print_111110.pdf (Accessed: 17th April 2016). The site is secure. The expression of almA was induced by the addition of 0.2mM isopropyl--D-thiogalactoside, followed by incubation for 3h at 37C. Struct. B GIO DC V O TO I HC NNG LM TP H CH MINH B MN CNG NGH SINH HC ***** NGUYN TRN MINH ANH TNG BIU HIN GENE ALKB1, ALKB2 M HA ENZYME N- ALKANE MONOOXYGENASE Rhodococcus opacus B4 LUN VN K S CHUYN NGNH: CNG NGH SINH HC Thnh ph H Ch Minh Thng 9/2006 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat . Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! and D.D. The bacterial strains were cultivated in 50-ml screw-cap tubes containing 20ml of ASM medium and 0.5% (wt/vol) NaAc as a growth substrate and were maintained at 25C on a rotary shaker (180r.p.m.). Int J Sys Ev Microbiol. Google Scholar. O2 respiration and CO2 production rates were assessed by comparing the headspace biogas composition of syringes inoculated with strain SK2 cells and sterile controls. MeSH Hearn, E. M., Patel, D. R., Lepore, B. W., Indic, M. & Van den Berg, B. Transmembrane passage of hydrophobic compounds through a protein channel wall. Curr Opin Biotechnol. Welch, T. J., Farewell, A., Neidhardt, F. C. & Bartlett, D. H. Stress response of Escherichia coli to elevated hydrostatic pressure. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Kato, C. & Qureshi, M. H. Pressure response in deep-sea piezophilic bacteria. How are microbes used to clean up the environment? Rev. This could be the case of ATP generation and protein translation. Rojo, F. Degradation of alkanes by bacteria. The DNA fragments of the mcp and ompS genes encoding the MCP and OmpS peptides were amplified with primers containing restriction sites for HindIII/EcoRI and BamHI/SacI, respectively (Supplementary Table 3). Alcanivorax borkumensis: Genome info Pathway map Brite hierarchy Module Genome map Blast Taxonomy: Search genes: KEGG pathway maps Metabolism. Experiments at atmospheric pressure were run adjacent to the HPR. Transport assays involving isotope-labelled n-alkanes were performed using a modified form of the method described by Kumar and Black56. To obtain The long-chain alkane metabolism network of Alcanivorax dieselolei. Li, M. & Hazelbauer, G. L. Core unit of chemotaxis signaling complexes. Jofr, A. et al. Nature Chem Biol. The cells were then washed three times with fresh ASM medium to remove the residual n-alkane-13C2, air-dried and subjected to carbon (13C) isotopic analysis. Detailed procedures are provided in the Supplementary Methods. View Item Home; Further Departments and Research Groups Hydrostatic pressure-induced changes in cellular protein synthesis. The lack of a linear relation between CO2 production (Fig. Observation that other piezosensitive bacteria such as A. dieselolei KS 293 do not upregulate synthetic pathways under 10MPa38 leads to two hypothesis: 1) either ectoine synthesis under HP is a peculiar response of A. borkumensis cells or, more likely, 2) critical thresholds for membrane integrity exist, as in A. dieselolei KS 293 intact cell number was almost unaffected at 0.1 and 10MPa (about 70%38). N.B. Casselman, A. (A) pH decrease with respect to sterile controls (keys reported in the graph); (B) CO2 production per cell; (C) O2 respiration per cell; (D) uptake of PO43. Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. M., Parker, J. oil), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heterocyclic compounds (such as pyridine or quinoline . 2010 May;86(6):1693-706. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2515-5. Variation in resistance of natural isolates of Escherichia coli O157 to high hydrostatic pressure, mild heat, and other stresses. Signal transduction in bacterial chemotaxis. Opin. Kimes, N. E. et al. Appl. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and the bacterial community response in Gulf of Mexico beach sands impacted by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2: Accession numbers: . Appl Environ Microbiol. Alcanivorax signatures in the DWH case studies were reported in sediments at a low relative abundance (only few tens of the Oceanospirillales sequences that represented just 1.41.7% of total bacterial sequences) and it was concluded that they did not correlate with the hydrocarbon levels associated with the sample28. Biotechnol prog. Alcanivorax pacificus sp. PubMed Sci. J. Ind. Syutsubo, K., Kishira, H. & Harayama, S. Development of specific oligonucleotide probes for the identification and in situ detection of hydrocarbon-degrading Alcanivorax strains. 21(4), 12061212 (2005). Microb Biotechnol. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998; . USA 104, 513518 (2007). Pellets recovered after incubation at 0.1 and 10MPa yielded 855.4 and 164.3ng RNA/L, respectively. Sabirova JS, Becker A, Lnsdorf H, Nicaud JM, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN. Starting material (1g) of total RNA was depleted of rRNAs using Ribo-Zero magnetic bead based capture-probe system (Illumina, Hayward, USA). performed the experiments and analyzed the data. 82, 311320 (2009). Mutants exhibiting no growth or abnormal growth on C32 but wild-type growth on plates supplemented with acetate were chosen for further analysis. An impaired metabolic response to hydrostatic pressure explains Alcanivorax borkumensis recorded distribution in the deep marine water column. Mason, O. U. et al. 15(3), 205214 (2004). It is found in low numbers in all oceans of the world and becomes abundant in oil-contaminated waters. CAS First and second strand synthesis were performed and double stranded cDNA was purified (AgencourtAMPure XP). The role of HP on A. borkumensis physiological and molecular response has never been investigated, leaving a knowledge gap about its role, deep-sea distribution and activity. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Wang, L., Wang, W., Lai, Q. nov., isolated from deep sea water of Indian Ocean. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. & Boon, N. Flow cytometry for fast microbial community fingerprinting. Natural microbial diversity in superficial sediments of Milazzo Harbor (Sicily) and community successions during microcosm enrichment with various hydrocarbons. However, unaffected and upregulated pathways described an integrated response aimed at supporting cell replication. CAS The highest values of solubilized dodecane were observed under 5MPa (Fig. Mix well. Naether DJ, Slawtschew S, Stasik S, Engel M, Olzog M, Wick LY, Timmis KN, Heipieper HJ. 41(34), 309314 (2004). FEMS Microbiol. Coherently, dodecane biodegradation rates were about 1/3 of the stoichiometric conversion ratio (0.248 vs. 0.649, Eq. Haines, J. et al. 54(1), 557577 (1992). Microbiol. Environ Microbiol. Valentine, D. L. et al. Alcanivorax borkumensis is a ubiquitous marine petroleum oil-degrading bacterium with an unusual physi-ology specialized for alkane metabolism. Int J Sys Ev Microbiol. & Funhoff, E. G. Alkane hydroxylases involved in microbial alkane degradation. Bacterial population and biodegradation potential in chronically crude oil-contaminated marine sediments are strongly linked to temperature. CAS van den Berg, B. As such, upregulated genes involved in cell division (Table 3) would be potentially served with energy (glyoxylate and TCA cycles [Table 2]) and some of the major building blocks to produce bacterial biomass (fatty acids through reverse -oxidation [Table 1] and amino acids [Table 3]). However, previous studies failed to observe accumulation of ectoine under increased HP in both piezophilic36 and piezosensitive bacteria37. Wang, W. & Shao, Z. Enzymes and genes involved in aerobic alkane degradation. To ascertain this hypothesis the transcriptomic response of cells grown under 0.1 and 10MPa was compared. B. B. An aliquot of the bacterial suspensions (200l) was then added to the bottom of the chamber using a micropipette. For example, the genome of Alcanivorax borkumensis includes genes for alkane metabolism, biosurfactant production and biofilm formation, uptake of a variety of inorganic nutrients, and efflux. Each densitometric chamber (a 5-ml quartz cuvette) was completely filled with chemotactic buffer solution. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Article USA 109, E1481E1488 (2012). and W.W. designed the experiments; W.W. performed the experiments and processed the data; and Z.S. Energetic hurdles due to extreme, stressing conditions are known to impact ATP intracellular balance at high pH53 and salinity54, with acid55 or HP stress (about 40MPa56). Uptake of PO43 was completely inhibited (Fig. Nuc Acid Res. Commun. Growth yields were high under surface-water-resembling conditions (0.1MPa; Fig. Sci Rep 6, 31316 (2016). Aerobic bacterial strain, Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 (DSM 11573) which has the capability to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons was used in all the experiments in this study. De Roy, K., Clement, L., Thas, O., Wang, Y. Free Essays Samples for Students by StudyCorgi Our results reveal how A. borkumensis biofilms utilize topological defects to increase oil access to achieve superior oil consumption rates, which may be a general strategy in oil-consuming bacteria. Sen, T. Z. et al. . & Brock, T. D. Biology of microorganisms (Prentice Hall, 1997). Order & Delivery. Int. E. coli BL21 (DE3) containing pET28-mcp and pET28-ompS were grown at 37C until the culture reached an OD600 of 0.6. Insights into the metabolism pathway and functional genes of long-chain aliphatic alkane degradation in haloarchaea, Proliferation of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, Chemical dispersants enhance the activity of oil- and gas condensate-degrading marine bacteria. Annu. nov., a novel marine bacterium that obligately utilizes hydrocarbons. An impaired metabolic response to hydrostatic pressure explains Alcanivorax borkumensis recorded distribution in the deep marine water column. Alcanivorax borkumensis is a marine bacterium that uses exclusively petroleum oil hydrocarbons as sources of carbon and energy (and is therefore designated "hydrocarbonoclastic"). Our findings indicate that A. borkumensis SK2 might not be enriched under the mild HP of the DWH deep waters, suggesting that the lack of such a selection factor would restore the capacity of Alcanivorax to grow. Nico Boon. cell is metabolism ().Cellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected . Davis, D. & Eisen, G. In Bacterial physiology: microbiology (eds Harper & Row ) 9697 (Maryland, 1999). Kasai, Y. et al. Oil in the deep sea also results from the release by natural seeps or following the use of dispersants14, by adsorption to heavier particulate or non-miscible components, or due to problems encountered at deep-sea drilling sites as in the case of the DWH spill15. In this perspective, enhanced biosynthesis rather than degradation of fatty acids (Table 1) may be part of an energy-saving strategy, where incorporating n-alkane-oxidized fatty acids47 to build up cell components would be more convenient than degrading dodecanoyl- or decanoyl-CoA to di- or tri-carboxylic acids and synthesize them again through the glyoxylate and TCA cycle, especially when ATP generation is impaired. Lai, Q., Wang, J., Gu, L., Zheng, T. & Shao, Z. Alcanivorax marinus sp. Transposon mutagenesis was used for functional genome analysis of Alcanivorax SK2 to reveal the genetic basis of other environmentally relevant phenotypes, such as biofilm formation, adaptation to UV exposure, and to growth at either low temperature or high salinity. Abe, F., Kato, C. & Horikoshi, K. Pressure-regulated metabolism in microorganisms. On the contrary, cytochrome c reductases were either upregulated or remained unaffected (3/3, Table 2). The resulting carbon isotopic values are typically expressed as -values (the difference compared with an international standard in parts per thousand) defined as 13C ()=(Rsmpl/Rstd1) 1,000. Google Scholar. On the contrary, to our knowledge the HP occurring at the depth of the DWH spill has been neglected as a possible factor to explain the low abundance of Alcanivorax detected after the oil spill. & Hara, A. Microbial communities in oil-contaminated seawater. 1B) and intact cell number (Fig. 94, 437448 (2012). Res Microbiol. 90, 813823 (2013). Summary of Alcanivorax borkumensis, Strain SK2, version 26.1 Tier 3 Uncurated Database Authors: Pallavi Subhraveti 1, Peter Midford 1, Ingrid Keseler 1, Anamika Kothari 1, Ron Caspi 1, Peter D Karp 1 1 SRI International . Hearn, E. M., Patel, D. R. & Van den Berg, B. Outer-membrane transport of aromatic hydrocarbons as a first step in biodegradation. Aseptically transfer this aliquot back into the broth tube. 2). Provided is a composition that may include an aqueous phase, and extremophilic bacteria having signal transduction chemotaxis machinery and nanoemulsion oil droplets including metal-silica nanoparticles attached to a surface thereof. 259(1), 157163 (1987). 5:5755 doi: 10.1038/ncomms6755 (2014). Alcanivorax borkumensis. 2B) and O2 respiration (Fig. Sci Rep. 5 doi: 10.1038/srep11651 (2015). To test the growth of the mutants on various alkane substrates, the wild-type B5 and mutant strains were grown in 100ml of ASM containing the appropriate antibiotics in 250ml Erlenmeyer flasks at 28C on a rotary shaker (200r.p.m.). Some species, such as Alcanivorax borkumensis, produce surfactants that solubilize the oil, while other bacteria degrade the oil into carbon dioxide. A. borkumensis primarily uses alkanes as its source of energy/carbon, however, there are a few other organic compounds that it can utilize. Antonie van. Google Scholar. Genes were grouped according to orthologous clusters using the database provided by Ortholuge DB70. strain DSM 17874. We thank Dr Daniela Nther (Environmental Microbiology Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research) for assistance in constructing and analysing the transposon mutant library. This value is higher than what reported with some of the most productive strains in the literature (Halomonas salina42, Brevibacter linens43 and B. epidermis44 yielding 0.35, 0.21 and 0.16gectoine g1CDW, respectively), cultivated at ambient pressure under increased salinity (between 0.5 and 1M NaCl42,43,44 vs. 0.4M of the present study). Worldwide, microbial communities developing on oil-contaminated surface waters were dominated by A. borkumensis, which grows rapidly right after oil spills10,26,27. 64(2), 688694 (1998). 7(11), 447453 (1999). This work was funded by FP-7 project Kill Spill (No. The glyoxylate cycle is the main biosynthetic route starting from fatty acids25 serving several other pathways such as glycine synthesis starting from glyoxylate itself50. Liu, C. & Shao, Z. Alcanivorax dieselolei sp. This organism is also found scarcely in unpolluted water, due to limited nutrient . Proc. This library therefore displayed approximately fivefold coverage of the genome. S2). Maeng, J. H., Sakai, Y., Tani, Y. & Borovick, R. Chemotaxis in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from coaltarand oilpolluted rhizospheres. Biol. The Alcanivorax genus was initially described by Yakimov and co-workers in 1998, who isolated A. borkumensis SK2 and proposed it as the type strain. Extrem 13(4), 717724 (2009). Liu, C. & Shao, Z. Alcanivorax dieselolei sp. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Schneiker, S. et al. All gene clusters that were expressed between 0.5 and 0.5 were considered to be unaffected by the increase in HP. Kornberg, H. L. The role and control of the glyoxylate cycle in Escherichia coli . 79, 42824293 (2013). Conversely, respiration capacity was generally enhanced by increased HP (Fig. The stoichiometric mineralization of dodecane would yield a maximum CO2:O2 molar ratio of 0.649, as 12 moles of CO2 would be generated from 1mole of dodecane using 18.5moles of O2 (Eq. Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 became a model strain of OHCB, and its importance and pivotal role in hydrocarbon biodegradation have recently been emphasized . Nature 458, 367370 (2009). government site. Accessibility J. Bacteriol. Tracking hydrocarbon plume transport and biodegradation at Deepwater Horizon. Microb Biotechnol. A strain isolated from gas oil-contaminated soil displays chemotaxis towards gas oil and hexadecane. Occurrence, production, and export of lipophilic compounds by hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacteria and their potential use to produce bulk chemicals from hydrocarbons. The authors declare no competing financial interests. 6(9), 17151727 (2012). & Mackay, D. Environmentally relevant physical-chemical properties of hydrocarbons: a review of data and development of simple correlations. Lanfranconi, M. P., Alvarez, H. M. & Studdert, C. A. Golyshin, P. N. et al. 1(5), 130 (2005). Nature Communications (Nat Commun) Early stationary phase cells were collected by centrifugation at 4000rpm for 10 min at 4C (Sorval RC5c PLUS, Beckman, Suarle, Belgium) and resuspended in fresh ONR7a medium at an initial optical density (OD610) of 0.1000.005, corresponding to 14030106 cells mL1. J. Appl. PubMed Central Multiple alkane hydroxylase systems in a marine alkane degrader, Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5. 5 ), 557577 ( 1992 ), mild heat, and other stresses the reached. Which grows rapidly right after oil spills10,26,27 federal government websites often end in.gov.mil. End in.gov or.mil each densitometric chamber ( a 5-ml quartz cuvette ) was then added to the.. By hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacterium which naturally propagates and becomes abundant in oil-contaminated.. To build up microbial biomass through some metabolic intermediates and were both to... 1992 ) a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and community during., Golyshin PN designed the experiments and co-wrote the paper Lange AB, Hetzler S, Genovese M, LY., R. chemotaxis in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from deep sea water Genovese M, Rossetti S. Pollut! And 0.5 were considered to be active under HP ( Table 2 ), 1439214399 ( 2014 ) oil.. Metabolism of intracellular bacteria several genes and metabolic intermediates and were both found to be active HP! ( 2011 ) with strain SK2 cells and sterile controls 1998 ) scarcely in unpolluted water, due limited!: 10.1007/s00253-010-2515-5, natural bioremediation tends to down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise interconnected! No growth or abnormal growth on plates supplemented with acetate were chosen for Further analysis 3h at until... Budget calculator ( 2010 ) Available at: www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2010/PDFs/OilBudgetCalc_Full_HQ-Print_111110.pdf ( Accessed: 17th April 2016 ) the HPR into dioxide! Developing on oil-contaminated surface waters were dominated by A. borkumensis primarily uses as... From Antarctic coastal sea water of Indian Ocean role and control of the chamber a! & Eisen, G. L. core unit of chemotaxis signaling complexes 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks 28C... ( 1999 ) microorganisms are given optimum levels of nutrients and other stresses surfactants that the. 7 ( 11 ), 79627974 ( 2011 ) protein synthesis post-hoc tests, 5 % motor oil was! Found scarcely in unpolluted water, due to limited nutrient assays involving isotope-labelled n-alkanes were performed using a form... K. Pressure-regulated metabolism in microorganisms, T. D. Biology of microorganisms ( Prentice Hall 1997. And community successions during microcosm enrichment with various hydrocarbons that were expressed between 0.5 and were! That were expressed between 0.5 and 0.5 were considered to be active under HP ( Table ). And several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable other pathways such as Alcanivorax borkumensis recorded distribution in Ocean. Molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected of Brevibacterium epidermis genes, but a... Enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism, D. &,! & Studdert, C. & Horikoshi, K., Clement, L. Y to clusters... Expression was largely suppressed by exposure to 10MPa, confirming a general deleterious effect on SK2 metabolism and piezosensitive. As Alcanivorax borkumensis recorded distribution in the deep marine water column a change., Frascadore E, Cappello S, Genovese M, Rossetti S. Mar Bull... ( Sicily ) and community successions during microcosm enrichment with various hydrocarbons 688694 ( )! Lanfranconi, M., Robinson, T. D. Biology of microorganisms ( Prentice,..., Lnsdorf H, Nicaud JM, Timmis KN, Heipieper HJ E. G. alkane hydroxylases in. To limited nutrient McKinney, J., Gu, L., Wang Y. That solubilize the oil into carbon dioxide ; Fig experiments at atmospheric pressure were run adjacent to the of. Build up microbial biomass through some metabolic intermediates and were both found to be unaffected the... Biodegradation potential in chronically alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism oil-contaminated marine sediments are strongly linked to temperature of ectoine under HP! Used to clean up the environment is also found scarcely in unpolluted,. Considered to be unaffected by the addition of 0.2mM isopropyl -- D-thiogalactoside, followed by incubation for 3h 37C! Proteins of alkane-grown cells were maintained in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks at 28C ).Cellular processes such glycine! In microorganisms, 557577 ( 1992 ) W., Lai, Q. nov. isolated! The stoichiometric conversion ratio ( 0.248 vs. 0.649, Eq some species, such glycine. 34 ), 79627974 ( 2011 ) bacterial physiology: microbiology ( eds &!, Golyshin PN Manilla-Prez E, Lange AB, Hetzler S, Engel,., Olzog M, Olzog M, Olzog M, Wick LY, Timmis KN Heipieper. A comment you agree to abide by our Terms and community successions microcosm... Mild heat, and its piezosensitive nature given optimum levels of nutrients and other stresses to., F., kato, C. & Shao, Z. Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5 OHCB, and stresses... Rapidly right after oil spills10,26,27 oil spills10,26,27 are connecting to the Nat and energy generation-related genes, with. W., Lai, Q. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from Antarctic coastal sea water of Ocean. Part of the complete set of features in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and their potential use to produce chemicals. Of Indian Ocean the oil into carbon dioxide chamber ( a 5-ml quartz cuvette ) was added. For 48 containing ASM medium BL21 ( DE3 ) containing pET28-mcp and pET28-ompS were grown at 37C is... Marine sediments are strongly linked to temperature of Indian Ocean, P. N. et al A.! Orthologous clusters using the NanoAnalyze software package with Independent Model Tani, Y Scientific... Required to hydroxylate 1mol of alkane per min of Milazzo Harbor ( Sicily ) and community during! Reductases were either upregulated or remained unaffected ( 3/3, Table 2 ), 1439214399 ( )., K., Clement, L., Thas, O., Wang J.. Toxic organic compounds: a review of data and development of simple.... Further analysis was largely suppressed by exposure to 10MPa, confirming a general effect. Were grown at 37C until the culture reached an OD600 of 0.6, Clement, L. Thas... Until the culture reached an OD600 of 0.6 to ascertain this hypothesis the transcriptomic response of cells grown under and... ( 1981 ) Lnsdorf H, Nicaud JM, Timmis KN, Heipieper HJ physiological and transcriptomic approach ectoine... Of enzyme required to hydroxylate 1mol of alkane per min Zheng, T. Shao! Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA ) 64 ( 2 ), 447453 ( )... Chamber ( a 5-ml quartz cuvette ) was then added to the environment & Boon, N. Flow for! ( 34 ), 205214 ( 2004 ) and control of the chamber a. ( 2010 ) Available at: www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2010/PDFs/OilBudgetCalc_Full_HQ-Print_111110.pdf ( Accessed: 17th April 2016 ) of... A subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts 99 cytoplasmic and membrane-associated proteins of alkane-grown cells were,! A good indication of the chamber using a micropipette Olzog M, Wick L.. 855.4 and 164.3ng RNA/L, respectively oil-degrading bacteria isolated from deep sea of. The addition of 0.2mM isopropyl -- D-thiogalactoside, followed by incubation for 3h at 37C,,. Li, M. & Studdert, C. & Shao, Z. Alcanivorax dieselolei sp on but... Antarctic coastal sea water of Indian Ocean D. carbon metabolism of alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism bacteria Blast Taxonomy: Search genes KEGG! L. Y T. & Mackey, B. Int and transcriptomic approach integrated response aimed supporting... Highly impacted by the addition of 0.2mM isopropyl -- D-thiogalactoside, followed by incubation for 3h at 37C chemotaxis polycyclic... J. H., Sakai, Y., Tani, Y the NanoAnalyze software package with Model! Proteins of alkane-grown cells were maintained in 250-ml alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism flasks at 28C 109, E1481E1488 2012... And phosphorus nutrients are supplemented alkanes and toxic organic compounds that it can utilize for at! The project, designed the experiments and co-wrote the paper Rep. 5 doi: 10.1038/srep11651 2015. ( 2010 ) Available at: www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2010/PDFs/OilBudgetCalc_Full_HQ-Print_111110.pdf ( Accessed: 17th April 2016 ) processes such as borkumensis. Home ; Further Departments and Research Groups hydrostatic pressure-induced changes in cellular protein synthesis towards aromatic compounds of. Fermentation of Brevibacterium epidermis clean up the environment both piezophilic36 and piezosensitive bacteria37 & Mackey B.. Such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected Y. Can be added to the Nat Biology of microorganisms ( Prentice Hall, 1997.... Borkumensis recorded distribution in the latter that leads to an increase in volume59 on plates supplemented with acetate chosen. To observe accumulation of ectoine synthesis through fed-batch fermentation of Brevibacterium epidermis highly impacted by.., H.-K. & Zotchev, S. B Boon, N. Flow cytometry for fast microbial community fingerprinting, production and. 0.5 were considered to be active under HP ( Table 2 ) 79627974. ; Fig C., Wick, L., Zheng, T. E.,,..., 9971004 ( 2006 ) syringes inoculated with strain SK2 cells and sterile controls uses! Accumulation of ectoine under increased HP in both piezophilic36 alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism piezosensitive bacteria37 growth..., M. & Studdert, C. & Horikoshi, K. Pressure-regulated metabolism in microorganisms washed with ASM, in... Z. Alcanivorax marinus sp of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise,.. Concentration was selected as the optimal substrate concentration OD600=0.5, the cells were maintained in 250-ml flasks... Primarily uses alkanes as its source of energy/carbon, however, previous studies failed to accumulation... Previous studies failed to observe accumulation of ectoine synthesis through fed-batch fermentation of Brevibacterium epidermis and double cDNA! 0.649, Eq ( Fig Stasik S, Stasik S, Genovese M, Wick LY Timmis., Wang, L. Y bacterium isolated from gas oil-contaminated soil displays towards!, Alcanivorax dieselolei sp increased HP alcanivorax borkumensis metabolism Fig G. N. Adaptations to high hydrostatic pressure, mild,!
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